Proposal for primary prevention of child maltreatment: explicative theoretical model to identify historical-bio-psycho-socio-cultural factors

Abstract

The child maltreatment is a social and public health problem of multifactorial character that, in major or minor measure, include a wide range of cultural, historical, social, juridical, economic, political, psychological and biological situations that understand a intrincate framework of violence, addictions, diseases, abandon, disinterest, abuses, negligence and poverty. In this situation, the present work tries to serve as theoretical contribution in the field of the psychology for the unification of criteria in the field of the primary prevention of the infantile mistreatment.As a hypothetical approach, we affirm which the theoretical analysis of the historical, biological, psychological, social and cultural factors that are involved in the phenomenon of the child mistreatment will allow to establish an integral definition that contemplates the totality of the problem and that facilitates the production of effective programs of primary prevention. General objective is to describe and analyze theoretically which are the historical, biological, psychological, social and cultural factors involved in child maltreatment and to describe the interaction between them, also, to generate a comprehensive definition in order to establish the structure that should have all the primary prevention programs of child maltreatment and in turn, to develop a way to proposed a theoretical model of a program for the primary prevention of child maltreatment. On the other hand, this work is a documentary study because it seeks to develop a theoretical conceptual frame to form a body of ideas on a subject of study (Galán, 2011).Among other things it is concluded that the elements traditionally used as the traditional aggressor-victim model with which to has been addressed child abuse and the fact consider the cases of abuse as emerging only in the family environment represent a limited perspective that does not allow effective interventions and programs in terms of primary prevention.