Sexting, grooming, stalking and sexual harassment among high school adolescents in Mexico

Authors

  • Brenda Ivonne Domínguez Vásquez Tecnológico de Monterrey
  • Fuensanta López Rosales Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
  • José Luis Jasso Medrano Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29059/rpcc.20240601-171

Keywords:

Stalking, harassment, sexting, grooming, adolescents, differences

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to compare sexting, grooming, stalking, and sexual harassment behaviors in high school students in the state of Veracruz based on sociodemographic variables. The sample included 204 students (14-19 years old) who answered a sociodemographic form, the AMAI 2022 test, the sexual harassment questionnaire for medical students (CASEM, Silva, 2013), the sexting questionnaire (Gámez-Guadix, et al., 2015) and the adult solicitation and interaction questionnaire (Gámez-Guadix, et al., 2017). A total of 77.9% indicated some type of sexual harassment and stalking, 39.2% sexting and 52.5% grooming. Sexual harassment and bullying were higher in females, sexting was higher in males, and grooming was similar in both sexes. There were no differences based on socioeconomic level, while a sexual orientation other than heterosexual or using social networks for more than 6 hours increases the presence of the variables.

References

AMAI. (2022). NSE 2020. https://www.amai.org/NSE/index.php?queVeo=NSE2020

American Association of University Women, AAUW (1993). Hostile hallways: The AAUW survey on sexual harassment in America's schools. American Association of University Women. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.1993.tb07153.x

Bondestam, F. & Lundqvist, M. (2020). Sexual harassment in higher education – a systematic review. European Journal of Higher Education, 10(4), 397-419. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568235.2020.1729833

Calvete, E., Fernández-González, L., Royuela-Colomer, E., Morea, A., Larrucea-Iruretagoyena, M., Machimbarrena, J. M., González-Cabrera, J. & Orue, I. (2021). Moderating factors of the association between being sexually solicited by adults and active online sexual behaviors in adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior, 124, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.106935

Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155-159. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.112.1.155

Comisión Nacional de Derechos Humanos. (2017). Hostigamiento sexual y acoso sexual. http://appweb.cndh.org.mx/biblioteca/archivos/pdfs/Hostigamiento-Acoso-Sexual.pdf

Cortazar, R. F. (2019). Acoso y hostigamiento de género en la Universidad de Guadalajara. Habla el estudiantado. Revista de estudios de género La Ventana, 50(2), 175-204. https://doi.org/10.32870/lv.v6i50.7094

Cruz, L. & Soriano, E. (2014). Psychological aspects, attitudes and behaviour related to the practice of sexting: a systematic review of the existent literature. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 132, 114-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.04.286

Echeverría E. R., Paredes G. L, Evia, A. N., Carrillo, T. C., Katún, C. M., Batún C. J. & Quintal, L. R. (2018). Caracterización del hostigamiento y acoso sexual, denuncia y atención recibida por estudiantes universitarios mexicanos. Revista de psicología (Santiago), 27(2), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-0581.2018.52307

Evangelista, G. A. (2019). Normalización de la violencia de género cómo obstáculo metodológico para su comprensión. Nómadas, 51, 85-97. https://doi.org/10.30578/nomadas.n51a5

Festl, R., Reerm F. & Quandt, T. (2019). Online sexual engagement and psychosocial well-being: The mediating role of sexual victimization experiences. Computers in Human Behavior, 98, 102-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.04.010

Frías, M. (2020). Hostigamiento y acoso sexual. El caso de una institución de procuración de justicia. Estudios psicológicos, 38(112), 103-139. https://doi.org/10.24201/es.2020v38n112.1745

Fuentes, V. L. (2019). “Cuentos que no son cuentos": acoso sexual, violencia naturalizada en las aulas universitarias. Nómadas, 51, 135-153. https://doi.org/10.30578/nomadas.n51a8

Gámez-Guadix, M., Almendros, C., Borrajo, E., & Calvete, E. (2015). Prevalence and Association of Sexting and Online Sexual Victimization Among Spanish Adults. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 12(2), 145-154. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-015-0186-9

Gámez-Guadix, M., De Santisteban, P., & Alcazar, M. (2017). The construction and psychometric properties of the questionnaire for online sexual solicitation and interaction of minors with adults. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 30(8), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1079063217724766

Gámez-Guadix, M., & Mateos-Pérez, E. (2019). Longitudinal and reciprocal relationships between sexting, online sexual solicitations, and cyberbullying among minors. Computers in Human Behavior, 94, 70-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.01.004

Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía. (2017). Informe Estadístico a Propósito del Día Internacional de la Eliminación de la Violencia contra las Mujeres. https://sc.inegi.org.mx/SIESVIM1/Asignador?ruta=/sievcm/Documentos/&nombreArchivo=VER%202017.pdf

Jasso M. J., López, R. F. & Gámez-Guadix, M. (2017). Assessing the links of sexting, cybervictimization, depression, and suicidal ideation among university students. Archives of Suicide Research, 22, 1824. https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2017.1304304

López, S., Hodson, R. & Roscigno, V. (2009). Power, status, and abuse at work: general and sexual harassment compared. The Sociological Quarterly, 50(1), 3-27. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40220119.

Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2002). World Report on Violence and Health. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/42495/9241545615_eng.pdf?sequence=1

Orosco, J. & Pomasunco, R. (2020). Adolescentes frente a los riesgos en el uso de las TIC. Revista Electrónica de Investigación Educativa, 22(17), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.24320/redie.2020.22.e17.2298

Paquette, M., Dion, J., Bothe, B., Girouard, A., Berderon, S. (2022). Heterosexual, cisgender and gender and sexually diverse adolescents’ sexting behaviors: the role of body appreciation. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 51, 278-290. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-021-01568-z

Pino-Domínguez, A., Cortés-Monsalve, L. & Salcedo-Cifuentes, M. (2018). Caracterización de los casos de violencia sexual atendidos en dos instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud del municipio de Palmira-Valle Del Cauca, Colombia. Revista médica Risaralda, 24(1), 9-14. https://doi.org/10.22517/25395203.14941

Pollack, D. & MacIver, A. (2015). Understanding sexual grooming in child abuse cases. Child Law Practice, 34(11), 165-168. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284732040

Quintero, S. S. (2020). El acoso y hostigamiento sexual escolar, necesidad de su regulación en las Universidades. Revista de Estudios de Género La Ventana, 51(1), 245-271. https://doi.org/10.32870/lv.v6i51.7083

Reed, E., Salazar, M., Behar, A., Agah, N., Silverman, J., Minnis, A., Rusch, M. & Raj, A. (2019). Cyber Sexual Harassment: Prevalence and association with substance use, poor mental health, and STI history among sexually active adolescent girls. Journal of Adolescence, 75, 53-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.07.005

Resett, S. (2021). Grooming online, sexting y problemas emocionales en adolescentes argentinos. Ciencias psicológicas, 15(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.22235/cp.v15i1.2397

Rosenthal, R. (1991). Meta-analytic procedures for social research. Sage Publications.

Santiago, A. (2021). Sexting: prevalencia y funcionalidad familiar en adolescentes de la unidad de medicina familiar no 61. [Tesis de Maestría, Universidad Veracruzana]. https://cdigital.uv.mx/bitstream/handle/1944/50820/SantiagoFigueroaAna.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Schoeps, K., Peris M., Garaigordobil, M. & Montoya-Castilla, I. (2020). Risk factors for being a victim of online grooming in adolescents. Psicothema, 32(1), 15-23, https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2019.179

Silva, J. (2013). Frecuencia de acoso sexual y variables asociadas en estudiantes de la facultad de medicina. [Tesis de Maestría, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]. https://ru.dgb.unam.mx/handle/DGB_UNAM/TES01000687506

Sociedad Mexicana de Psicología. (2007). Código ético del psicólogo. Trillas.

Soriano-Ayala, E., Cala, V. & Dalouh, R. (2020). Adolescent profiles according to their beliefs and affinity to sexting. A Cluster Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17031087

Tamarit, A., Schoeps, K., Peris-Hernández, M. & Montoya-Castilla, I. (2021). The Impact of Adolescent Internet Addiction on Sexual Online Victimization: The Mediating Effects of Sexting and Body Self-Esteem. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,18, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084226

Webster, S., Davidson, J., Bifulco, A., Gottschalk, P., Caretti, V., Pham, T., et al. (2012). Final report. European Online Grooming Project [Consultado 22 Oct 2022]. https://natcen.ac.uk/media/22514/european-online-grooming-projectfinalreport.pdf

Wolak, J. & Finkelhor, D. (2011). Sexting: A typology. Crimes against Children Research Center.

Ybarra, M. & Mitchell, K. (2015). A National Study of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual (LGB), and Non-LGB Youth Sexual Behavior Online and In-Person. Archives of sexual behavior, 45(6), 1357–1372. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-015-0491-7

Yépez-Tito, P., Ferragut, M., & Blanca, M. J. (2018). Prevalence and profile of sexting among adolescents in Ecuador. Journal of Youth Studies, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2018.1515475

Published

2024-06-01

Issue

Section

Investigación empírica y análisis teórico